Prior to Oracle 12c, if you wanted to move a database’s file, you either had to shutdown the database, or take the datafile/tablespace offline. Here is an example of the steps you might take:

1. ALTER TABLESPACE my_ts OFFLINE;
2. !mv /old_dir/my_ts01.dbf /new_dir/my_ts01.dbf
3. ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ‘/old_dir/my_ts01.dbf’ TO ‘/old_dir/my_ts01.dbf’;
4. ALTER TABLESPACE my_ts ONLINE;

Now in Oracle 12c, you can do this quite simply with one command and another user can be accessing the file at the same time. To illustrate this, I will create a tablespace, and while moving it have another session access the file.

SQL> create tablespace move_me
2  datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/move_me01.dbf' size 5g;
Tablespace created.
SQL> create table system.test_tab (id number) tablespace move_me;
Table created.
SQL> insert into system.test_tab values (10);
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.

Now let’s begin the move of this file.

SQL> alter database move datafile
  2  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/move_me01.dbf' to
  3  '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/move_me01.dbf';

At the same time, in another session, let’s insert a row into the only table in this tablespace.

SQL> insert into system.test_tab values (20);
1 row created.
SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

As you can see, the transaction was allowed to complete even though we are in the middle of moving the file.

While the file was moving I looked at the contents of both mount points.

[oracle@msp-test-ora12 ora12c]$ ls -l /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c
total 8769660
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   10043392 Sep 17 10:52 control01.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   10043392 Sep 17 10:52 control02.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5368717312 Sep 17 10:52 move_me01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   52429312 Sep 17 10:52 redo01.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   52429312 Sep 16 22:00 redo02.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   52429312 Sep 17 02:00 redo03.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1090527232 Sep 17 10:52 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  734011392 Sep 17 10:52 system01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   68165632 Sep 17 10:45 temp01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  471867392 Sep 17 10:52 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1073750016 Sep 17 02:06 users01.dbf
[oracle@msp-test-ora12 ora12c]$  ls -l /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c
total 684044
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5368717312 Sep 17 10:52 move_me01.dbf

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Database altered.
SQL> select * From system.test_tab;
        ID
----------
        10
        20

I’ve been meaning to write something up on Oracle 12c’s new Adaptive Plans. When I do have poorly performing SQL statements, it seems that the issue is often due to bad optimizer stats. Recalculate the stats and performance is improved. I like the new 12c feature of Adaptive Plans where the database engine will reformulate the execution plan on-the-fly if it determines the intial plan is suboptimal.

Here is a nice video from Oracle Corp featuring Tom Kyte on this new 12c feature.
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Oracle 12c’s Advanced Security option now includes Data Redaction. This is a great way to secure your data , transparently to the application, from prying eyes. If an end user does not need the entire tax id, they can be presented with just the last four digits, as an example. To me, this is just a next logical extension of the Virtual Private Database and FGAC. Once you could define security policies to limit rows of data a user could see, no matter which application is used, then you could also redact the data as well. Even your lovable DBA will see redacted data in SQL*Plus.

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Today, I was looking at the ability to query a user’s last login time. Prior to 12c, one had to create a logon trigger to store the logon time in a table or set up auditing and audit successful logins. Now, Oracle 12c includes, by default, a way to determine the last time someone logged in.

SQL> show user
USER is "SYS"
SQL> select username,last_login from dba_users
2  where last_login is not null;
USERNAME                       LAST_LOGIN
------------------------------ ----------------------------------------
SYSTEM                         30-JUL-13 01.57.19.000000000 PM -05:00
PEASLAND                       31-JUL-13 02.15.38.000000000 PM -05:00

As you can see, I have two users that have logged into the database and the date/time they last logged in. One thing I noticed is that even though I am connected as the SYS user, this column is not populated for SYS.

While investigating the DBA_USERS view, I see that in addition to the LAST_LOGIN column, there are also 3 other new columns to the Data Dictionary view, only one of which I had previously read about, ORACLE_MAINTAINED. The ORACLE_MAINTAINED column will indicate a Y value if the user was created by Oracle and its various scripts. Currently in my test database, I only have one such user.

SQL> select username from dba_users where oracle_maintained<>'Y';
USERNAME
------------------------------
PEASLAND

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SQL> select username,common,oracle_maintained from dba_users;
USERNAME                       COM O
------------------------------ --- -
PEASLAND                       NO  N
AUDSYS                         YES Y
GSMUSER                        YES Y
SYSKM                          YES Y
XS$NULL                        YES Y
OJVMSYS                        YES Y
ORACLE_OCM                     YES Y
SYSDG                          YES Y
DIP                            YES Y
SYSBACKUP                      YES Y
GSMCATUSER                     YES Y
GSMADMIN_INTERNAL              YES Y
APPQOSSYS                      YES Y
XDB                            YES Y
WMSYS                          YES Y
DBSNMP                         YES Y
ANONYMOUS                      YES Y
SYS                            YES Y
SYSTEM                         YES Y
OUTLN                          YES Y